An Academic Looks Into the Men in Black After a Man in Black Looked Into him

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

UFOlogy has always attracted its fair share of academics, and some have managed to incorporate it into their fields of study. Fields such as astronomy, psychology, sociology, history and folklore studies lend themselves easily to the subject, and the literature is filled with books, papers, and articles, often in peer-reviewed journals, by professionals in those fields. Two famous examples are Dr. J. Allen Hynek and Dr. Jacques Vallée. Some were drawn to the subject because of a personal experience (Vallée had a sighting as a teenager) and one of those was Julliard professor of humanities and folklore, Peter Rojcewicz. He focused on Men in Black stories, wrote an article that was published in an academic journal in 1987, and then made the news when he lectured on the subject.

Rojcewicz wrote a 13-page article titled, “The ‘Men in Black’ Experience and Tradition: Analogues with the Traditional Devil Hypothesis,” that was published in the April-June 1987 (Vol. 100, No. 396, pp. 148-160) Journal of American Folklore.

In his article, Rojcewicz traces the origin of the modern Men in Black “tradition” to Albert K. Bender who shut down his organization, the International Flying Saucer Bureau, in 1953 after claiming he was visited by three MiBs. Rojcewicz describes the reported appearances and behaviors of the MiB that are familiar to many readers, provides first-hand accounts, compares the MiB tradition with the Devil tradition, and concludes that folklorists should entertain “the possibility that a real experience lies behind traditional belief.”

In 1990, Rojcewicz spoke in Minnesota, as part of a lecture series presented by Medtronic, which brought in people from the world of alternative science and the paranormal to speak about their work. Covering his talk is the article (page 1 of the pdf) by Gordon Slovut headlined, “Encounters With ‘Men in Black’: Fact or Fantasy?” published in the March 24, 199o, Minneapolis Star Tribune. Read more

A Policeman Hit by One of Those UFOs

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

In our last blog, about a boy who claimed he’d been hit in the chest by a paralyzing beam of light from a UFO, we wrote, “Reports of people suffering physical effects after being zapped by UFOs appears often enough in UFO literature that an author could devote an entire book to them.” Proving our point, we stumbled upon a similar case involving a policeman as we were looking for material for this week’s blog. Whereas the former case only had a single witness, the case we’re looking at this week has multiple witnesses.

In the April 8, 1975, Stillwater Gazette, there is an article (page 5 of the pdf) by Jim McLaughlin headlined, “UFOs Spotted Near Ellsworth.” According to McLaughlin, Pierce County, Wisconsin, Sheriff Christianson “reported a rash of UFO’s [sic] near the Ellsworth area Monday night and early Tuesday.”  At 11:25 p.m., there was a report from Ellsworth farm resident James Koehler who said that he and his wife had seen three UFOs hovering over their trailer home. The responding officer “reported only a badly frightened German Shepherd dog at the site.” Read more

PART 2: Boy Hit with Paralyzing Beam of Light from a UFO

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

In last week’s blog, we looked at a case involving a 13-year-old boy (the investigators chose to keep him and his family anonymous) who said that on December 4, 1980, he saw a UFO and was hit in the chest by a beam of light from it that temporarily paralyzed him. The case was investigated by Joe Nyman and Ed Fogg of the New England UFO Study Group, and they wrote a report that was published on the front page of the January 1981 issue of the group’s publication, the New England UFO Newsletter. After the investigators told him to look for any unusual marks, the boy discovered a red mark on his chest, which they saw and photographed. During questioning, it came out that during his encounter, he had heard squeaky mumbling noises in his head that varied in pitch “like a two-year-old would do.” He added that “they seemed educated” and that “something was trying to say something.” That night, he started talking in his sleep, his mother recorded it, and the case took on a new aspect. Read more

Boy Hit With Paralyzing Beam of Light

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

Reports of people suffering physical effects after being zapped by UFOs appears often enough in UFO literature that an author could devote an entire book to them. In 1980, there was such a report out of Foxboro, Massachusetts, that was looked into by local investigators. A detailed account and analysis of the case by Ed Fogg and Joe Nyman appears in the January 1981 New England UFO Newsletter, put out by the New England UFO Study Group, under the front-page headline, “Light-Beam Paralysis, Possible Communication, and Physical Effects in Foxboro, Ma. Close Encounter.”

In a preface to the report, it is explained that while the witness, a 13-year-old boy, and his parents had given permission to have their names made public, the investigators chose to keep them anonymous to avoid “unthinking publicity” and “inquiry bordering on harassment” they’d seen with other cases. Read more

The Blue Creature of Elkton, Michigan

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

In 1958, motorists in Elkton, Michigan, were alarmed by the sight of a blue creature with blinking lights and what looked to be a space helmet. Estimates of its size ranged from 2 to 10 feet tall, and mothers who spotted it while looking out the windows of their homes were reportedly worried about letting their children go out at night. The police got involved after a busload of junior high school students spotted it, and it wasn’t long before the mystery was solved.

In the October 31, 2008, Huron Daily Tribune there is an article (page 5 of the pdf) by Traci L. Weisenbach headlined, “50 Years Ago, ‘Little Blue Man’ Shook up Elkton.”  After the introduction in which the reader is asked to imagine driving down a country road and spotting “an illuminated, bluish figure moving very quickly, perhaps even dancing,” Weisenbach reveals that the creature was actually a young man dressed in a costume. He and two of his friends had come up with the idea, and with him in costume hidden in the trunk of a car, the other two would drive around and let him out in various locations.

According to Weisenbach, the three men involved were Jerry Sprague, LeRoy Shultz, and Don Weiss, who had just returned after serving in the military. Don Weiss was interviewed and said, “We were 22 or 23 years old and we were looking for work.” He added, “We had a little extra time on our hands.” Read more

A 1973 Humanoid Case From Indiana

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

We often write about UFO cases that end up being neglected as other more dramatic cases grab the attention of investigators and the press. A case that was doomed to just this sort of treatment involved reports on October 22, 1973, out of Indiana. This was just after the October 12th Pascagoula Incident and the October 18th Coyne Helicopter Incident, and while all three cases share the front page of the September-October 1973 APRO Bulletin, the Indiana case faded into obscurity as the other two became classics.

We first came across this case in the 1975 Center for UFO Studies publication, Physical Traces Associated with UFO Sightings: A Preliminary Catalogue, compiled by Ted Phillips and edited by Mimi Hynek. The case shows up on page 95, and it’s included in the catalogue because there were traces found in a field the day after the sightings. The source for the report is given as the afore-mentioned issue of the APRO Bulletin. Read more

BLOG: A 1979 Italian UFO Case in an Irish Newspaper

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

It often happens that reported UFO incidents get lost when the media is focused on one of more reports that might be more sensational. This seems to have been the situation in Italy in 1979. There had been a flap in Italy throughout 1978 and a case in December involving a security guard in Torriglia, Fortunato Zanfretta, who claimed with corroboration from supervisors, coworkers, and the Carabinieri (Italian military police) that he had been abducted by huge yellow-eyed creatures on multiple occasions, dominated the news in Italy at that time. What seems like it should have received a good deal of attention from not only the press, but investigators as well, is a case that was reported in an Irish newspaper on January 3, 1979. An extensive search that included the publications of the major foreign and domestic UFO organizations in existence at the time, and even Italian UFO publications, found no other mentions of a case that involved the Interior Ministry and reports by several Rome police officers. Read more

The Mystery of UFOs: Past, Present, and Future

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

While J. Allen Hynek was bringing the invisible college out into the open, he became involved with a documentary that has Rod Serling as its main host, along with Burgess Meredith, José Ferrer, and Vallée. The movie makes a compelling argument that UFOs should be taken seriously and includes appearances by former Blue Book heads Robert Friend and Hector Quintanilla.

In its release in 1974 it was titled UFOs: Past, Present, and Future, which was changed to UFOs: It Has Begun for its release in 1976 and 1979. Besides being informative and entertaining and preserving a bit of UFO history for future researchers, the story behind its production has become a part of UFO history as well, as its producers were reportedly misled by the Pentagon into believing they would receive classified footage of a UFO landing at Holloman AFB in May of 1971.

The footage was described as showing a meeting between the UFO occupants and Air Force officials. According to producer, main writer, and composer Robert Emenegger, it was going to be the finale of the documentary until the DoD withdrew the offer at the last minute.

Robert Emenegger was interviewed by Mel Fabregas in 2009. According to him, he and Allen Sandler had originally set out to produce a series of films about advanced military technology, but were diverted by an intriguing piece of information offered by their military contact at Norton Air Force Base, Paul Shartle. Shartle, Security Manager and Chief of Requirements for the Audio-Visual Program at the base, said that he had seen a film of an alien craft landing at Holloman AFB in 1971. As discussions about possible projects continued, the idea that one of them be about UFOs came up and was encouraged by military officials who offered the producers the use of the footage. Emenegger and Sandler decided to go ahead with a UFO documentary, and the film was made.[1] Read more

Blog: Anoka, Minnesota, the Police, and the FBI

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

Recently, there have been reports throughout the media that FBI files concerning a UFO sighting reported by three Anoka, Minnesota, police officers have been declassified and are available at the National Archives. Remarkably, almost none of the media outlets covering the story provide a link to the actual document with the exception one news outlet, KARE 11, which was kind enough to provide a pdf with one of the FBI documents and related material from Americans for Safe Aerospace and the National UFO Reporting Center.

There is an article by Conor Wight on the CBS News site (updated May 28, 2026) headlined “Newly declassified FBI documents detail UFO sighting by Anoka officers — and one of them filmed it.” Wight is with CBS Minnesota and starts his story with this: “Buried within the National Archives is an unexplained sighting from right here in Minnesota.”

Buried is an apt description, as the documents were quite hard to find in the National Archives Catalogue, but a search within “Group 16: Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena Records Collection,” brought us to records from the FBI, which led us to the files related to the Anoka case, which are the top three in a series of six results. Read more

Blog: Jacques Vallée and John Keel Challenge the ETH

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

By the time Project Blue Book was terminated, most UFO researchers, especially in the United States, were of the opinion that UFOs were nuts and bolts craft piloted by flesh and blood creatures from other planets. This is what has become known as the extraterrestrial hypothesis or ETH. At around the same time, as the 1960s gave way to the 1970s, Jacques Vallée had one book published and John Keel had two published, that challenged the ETH, and caused many in the UFO community to consider other options.

Vallée had his first UFO book, Anatomy of a Phenomenon, published in 1965 and his second, Challenge to Science, co-written with his wife, Janine, published in 1966. Both books make the argument that the UFO mystery is worthy of scientific study and present the elements of the problem in an organized manner in an effort to facilitate such study. In what would become characteristic in Vallée’s books, he presents accounts going back to antiquity, and he presents a lot of them. The books are lengthy and dry and hold little appeal for the average UFO enthusiast looking for sensational accounts of sightings and encounters. Read more

A 1977 Multiple Witness Case From Italy

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

In 1977, in the midst of a good deal of UFO activity in Italy, there was a multiple witness case that was investigated not only by a private UFO group, but by the Carabinieri (Italian national police) as well. The witnesses reported seeing lights, a cylindrical object, and a humanoid over a period of around three hours, during which they, the witnesses, made multiple approaches and retreats. Verga Maurizio wrote an article (page 20 of the pdf) covering the events headlined “Seven Scared Witnesses and a Humanoid” that was published in the Volume 25, Number 1, May 1979 Flying Saucer Review.

According to Maurizio, there were enough reports of UFO sightings, “especially at low altitude” and including close encounter reports to constitute “a wave.” During this, “there was one particularly strange, and important, incident” that had several witnesses, two of which were hypnotically regressed. The case was investigated by Umberto Telarico and Giorgio Russolillo of the Naples-base Federazione Uoflogica Regionale Campania. Most of the report is based on interviews with 24-year-old students Rocco Cirullo and Michele Giovanniello, who were the two initial witnesses and not the ones who were hypnotically regressed. Read more

Blog: UFOs as Sky Creatures

Jerome Clark

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

Among the many possible explanations for UFOs is that some UFOs might be creatures that live in the sky. The person who became best known for this idea was Trevor James Constable who presented it, along with infrared photos of what he claimed were bioforms invisible to the naked eye, in his 1958 book (as Trevor James) They Live in the Sky. James wasn’t alone in his belief, and the concept of sky creatures goes back farther than 1958 in both speculative literature and science fiction.

A good starting point for the history of the sky-creatures hypothesis is the 1997 paper by Jerome Clark, Spacemen, Demons and Conspiracies, published by the Fund for UFO Research. Clark explores the many explanations for UFOs put forward throughout the years and looks at the SCH in the section “Secret Weapons and Space Animals.” After going into the speculation by people such as James Moseley, Leon Davidson, and Jacques Vallée that flying saucers/UFOs can be explained as classified secret weapons, Clark delves into the history of the sky-creature concept. Read more

UFOs in LIFE Magazine

by UFO History Buff & Author, Charles Lear 

In the early years of the flying saucer/UFO mystery, magazines played a significant part in the public perception of the phenomenon. One of the most popular magazines in that era was LIFE, which started covering saucer/UFO news at the very beginning during the 1947 summer of the saucers. For anyone interested in the early history of the phenomenon, Archives for the Unexplained has a collection of related magazine articles which includes LIFE articles from 1947 t0 1966.

In the article published in the July 1947 issue headlined “Speaking of Pictures… a Rash of Flying Disks Breaks Out Over the U.S.,” it is lamented that none of the many saucers seen that summer paused long enough to get its picture taken. There are pictures, however, of two fake saucers: one an obvious saw blade with what looks to be a capacitor attached to it held up by Reverend Joseph Brasky who claimed it hit the lightning rod of his church with an explosion, and the other an aluminum disk with what looks to be spent fireworks attached held up by a man from Shreveport, Louisiana, who said it flew out from behind a signboard. Read more